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Veins Treatment Singapore

Venous Disease

vascular surgery for venous disease

Venous diseases encompass a range of conditions affecting the veins, which are blood vessels responsible for returning deoxygenated blood to the heart. These conditions can range from minor cosmetic concerns to severe health threats. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications and ensure optimal health. 

spider veins treatment

These are tiny, superficial blood vessels that appear red or blue close to the skin surface. While they are primarily a cosmetic concern, they can sometimes cause discomfort or burning sensations.

  • What causes Spider & Reticular Veins?

    • Genetics: A family history of spider veins can increase one's risk.
    • Hormonal Changes: Events like pregnancy, puberty, and menopause can trigger their development.
    • Aging: The risk increases as one gets older.

  • What are the symptoms of Spider & Reticular Veins?

    • Visible red or blue blood vessels
    • Mild burning or tingling sensation

  • What are Spider & Reticular Veins treatment options?

    • Sclerotherapy:  A solution or foam is injected, causing the vein to collapse and fade.
    • Laser Treatments: Using light energy to target and scar the vein, which eventually disappears.
    • Microphlebectomy: A minimally invasive procedure to remove the veins.
varicose veins treatment

Varicose veins are enlarged, swollen, and twisted veins that can cause symptoms such as heaviness, aching discomfort, pain, swelling, throbbing, itchiness and cosmetic concerns. They result from weakened walls or damaged valves in the leg veins.

  • What causes Varicose Veins?

    • Weakened Valves: Leads to inefficient blood flow and reflux
    • Prolonged Standing: Jobs requiring standing for extended periods worsen the condition.
    • Obesity: Excess weight puts added pressure on veins.
    • Pregnancy: Increased blood volume can enlarge and strain the veins.
    • Genetics: Family history increases the risk.

  • What are the symptoms of Varicose Veins?

    • Bulging, twisted veins
    • HASTI (Heaviness, Aching, Swelling, Throbbing, Itch) symptoms
    • Muscle cramps
    • Itching around the veins
    • Visible red or blue blood vessels
    • Mild burning or tingling sensation

  • What are Varicose Veins treatment options?

    • Compression Stockings: Improve venous return and flow to reduce pain and swelling.
    • Venaseal: Using a medical adhesive to seal the vein.
    • Echotherapy: Using high intensity focused ultrasound to perform scarless surgery to heat and seal off the veins.
    • Endovenous Radio Frequency Ablation: Using radiofrequency energy to heat and seal off veins.
    • Endovenous Laser Therapy: Using laser energy to close off veins.
    • MechanicO-Chemical Ablation (MOCA): Combines the mechanical action to the inner lining of the vein and chemical action of a sclerosing agent to seal off veins.
    • Sclerotherapy: Injecting a solution to scar and close the veins.
    • Microphlebectomy: Small incisions to remove the veins.
    • Saphenofemoral junction ligation and great saphenous vein stripping: Tying off the faulty vein junction and removal of the vein using traditional open surgery.
    • Venotonic medications: Certain drugs have been proven to improve vein health and symptoms.
venous ulcer treatment
These are open sores that develop with prolonged blood pooling in the veins leading to high venous pressure in the lower limbs. This is usually due to venous reflux, varicose veins or deep vein thrombosis.

  • What causes Venous Ulcers?

    • Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Inefficient blood return due to vein reflux or obstruction.
    • Previous Leg Injuries: Can predispose to ulcers.
    • Deep Vein Thrombosis: Blood clots can impede blood flow.
    • Varicose Veins: Can lead to skin changes and ulcers.

  • What are the symptoms of Venous Ulcers?

    • Painful, open sores around the ankles
    • Itching and swelling around the ulcer
    • Discolored skin rash around the ulcer

  • What are Venous Ulcers treatment options?

    • Compression Therapy: Using bandages or stockings to reduce vein pressure and improve blood flow.
    • Endovenous Interventions: To address the underlying venous reflux or obstruction causing high ankle vein pressures.
    • Surgical Debridement: To remove unhealthy infected tissue to promote healing.
    • Medications: Topical or oral treatments to manage pain and promote healing.
    • Wound reconstruction: Using specialist wound dressings such as negative pressure wound therapy, dermal substitutes, electrical stimulation therapy or skin grafting to promote healing of larger and more difficult chronic wounds.
deep vein thrombosis treatment

Deep Vein Thrombosis is a condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the leg. It can be life-threatening if the clot travels to the lungs.

  • What are the types of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)?

    • Acute DVT: Sudden onset, can cause pain and swelling.
    • Subacute DVT: Develops over days to weeks.
    • Chronic DVT: Long-standing and often leads to post-thrombotic syndrome with a permanently swollen discoloured leg.

  • What are the causes of Deep Vein Thrombosis?

    • Left May Thurner syndrome: A commonly underrecognised diagnosis of compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery which predisposes to severe acute left iliofemoral DVT.
    • Prolonged Immobility: Long flights or bed rest reduce blood flow and lead to clot formation.
    • Surgery: Orthopaedic or major abdominal surgeries increase DVT risk
    • Certain Medications: Some medications such as contraceptive pills increase clotting risk.
    • Genetic Predisposition: Family history of DVT increases risk.

  • What are the symptoms of Deep Vein Thrombosis?

    • Pain and tenderness in affected leg
    • Sudden leg swelling
    • Warm skin in the affected area
    • Pale to bluish discoloration of the affected leg
    • Spider, reticular or varicose veins
    • Venous ulcers

  • What are Deep Vein Thrombosis treatment options?

    • Endovenous thrombolysis /thrombectomy: Using specialised minimally invasive equipment to clear the clots from the large veins, thereby lowering the risk of permanent leg swelling and deformity.
    • Blood Thinners: Prevent clots from extending further and causing more obstruction.
    • Filters: Placed in the vena cava to prevent clots from reaching the heart to avoid sudden collapse and death.
    • Compression Stockings: Reduce swelling and pain.
pelvic congestion syndrome treatment
This condition is characterised by the presence of refluxing varicose veins in the lower abdomen or deep in the pelvis, causing chronic pelvic pain or blood in the urine.

  • What are the causes of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome?

    • Malfunctioning Valves: In pelvic veins leading to blood pooling.
    • Pregnancy: Can cause veins to enlarge.
    • Hormonal Imbalances: Can weaken vein walls.

  • What are the symptoms of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome?

    • Chronic pelvic pain
    • Pain after intercourse
    • Lower back pain
    • Varicose veins on lower abdomen, buttocks or thighs

  • What are Pelvic Congestion Syndrome treatment options?

    • Gonadal/Pelvic vein embolisation: Blocking the blood flow to the affected refluxing vein.
    • Medications: Pain relievers and other drugs to manage symptoms.
    • Sclerotherapy: Injecting a solution to scar and seal the faulty veins at pelvic escape points.
venous malformation treatment
These are congenital abnormalities of the veins that can occur anywhere in the body.

  • What are the causes of Venous Malformations?

    • Genetic Mutations: Present at birth but may not be immediately visible.

  • What are the symptoms of Venous Malformations?

    • Pain and swelling in the affected area
    • Skin discoloration
    • Functional impairment in severe cases

  • What are Venous Malformations treatment options?

    • Sclerotherapy: Injecting a solution to shrink the malformation.
    • Laser Therapy: Reducing the size and improving appearance.
    • Surgical Removal: For larger malformations causing pain or functional issues.

Varicose Vein Treatments

Varicose veins can cause discomfort and aesthetic concerns, but several effective treatments are available. Here are the five most common methods:

 

Compression Stockings

Compression stockings are often the first line of treatment for varicose veins. These graduated compression stockings provide 23-32 mmHg of compression around the ankle, helping to relieve symptoms such as heaviness, aching, swelling, and throbbing pain due to venous hypertension (high vein blood pressure). The compression improves venous return and lymphatic reflux, prevents blood from pooling in the legs, and reduces the risk of deep vein thrombosis.

 

Venaseal (Cyanoacrylate Glue Ablation)

Venaseal is a minimally invasive procedure that uses medical adhesive to seal the vein. This varicose vein treatment method involves inserting a catheter (slim tube) into the affected vein and delivering a small amount of adhesive to close it. The procedure is performed under ultrasound guidance, ensuring precise placement. Venaseal is a popular choice due to its quick recovery time, less pain from the absence of multiple needle punctures for tumescent anesthesia, and a very low long-term recurrence rate compared to other technologies.

 

ClosureFast Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA)

ClosureFast Radio Frequency Ablation (RFA) is considered the gold standard varicose vein treatment procedure that uses radiofrequency energy to heat and seal off refluxing thigh veins. After cleansing the leg and placing sterile drapes, the ClosureFast catheter is inserted into the vein, and numbing medication (tumescent anesthesia) is administered. Radiofrequency energy is used to heat and close the vein. Afterward, the leg is wrapped with a compression bandage or stocking to aid in recovery and improve closure rates.

 

Sclerotherapy

Sclerotherapy is suitable for veins that are not straight enough for ablation therapies. This varicose vein treatment involves injecting a sclerosant solution into the vein, causing it to spasm and clot. This clot is not dangerous and is broken down by the body’s natural processes, leading to the disappearance of varicose veins. Sclerotherapy can also be used to treat smaller reticular and spider veins using a very small needle. It is important to have a surgeon with good vision and steady hands to achieve the best cosmetic results.

 

Microphlebectomy (Stab Avulsions)

Microphlebectomy, or stab avulsions, involves making small incisions to remove bulky varicose veins. This varicose vein treatment procedure is typically performed together with ablation or under local anesthesia if done alone. Tiny incisions are made at bulky palpable varicosities, and special hooks are used to extract the vein through these small incisions. Microphlebectomy is effective for removing large varicose veins and provides immediate results. Post-procedure, compression stockings are recommended to reduce hematoma (blood clot) formation and prevent new varicose veins from forming.

Why Spectrum Surgery for Varicose Veins Treatment in Singapore

At our vasular clinic, we prioritise patient comfort and effective varicose vein treatment through advanced techniques and personalised care.

 

Minimally Invasive Surgery Using Latest Endovenous Techniques

We utilise the latest endovenous technology to ensure minimally invasive procedures that provide optimal results with minimal discomfort and quick recovery.

 

One-Stop Vascular Clinic

Our clinic is equipped with high-quality, up-to-date ultrasound machines, providing exceptional image quality. All ultrasounds and procedures are performed by Dr. Tay, ensuring consistent and expert care.

 

Accredited Vascular Surgeon

Dr. Tay is accredited to operate at all major private hospitals and day surgery centers, giving you flexible options for your treatment location.

 

Local Anesthesia Office-Based Procedures

We offer the option of local anesthesia for office-based procedures, ensuring minimal pain and no downtime. Patients can walk home after any procedures done, enjoying the convenience and comfort of a quick recovery.

 

Multi-Modal Therapy

We employ a multi-modal therapy approach, using a combination of techniques to achieve the best outcomes with the least discomfort and time. This includes evidence-based medications and complementary therapies to enhance overall treatment effectiveness.

 

HIFU Echotherapy

We offer HIFU (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound) echotherapy as a completely scarless option for varicose vein treatment. This advanced technology provides a non-invasive alternative, ensuring excellent results without any surgical incisions.

Our commitment to using the latest techniques and providing exceptional care ensures that your experience is comfortable, efficient, and effective.

Seek Expert Veins Treatment in Singapore

Venous diseases can significantly impact your quality of life. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, don’t wait.  Seek expert care and embark on the path to better vascular health. Our team offers comprehensive diagnostic and veins treatment services in Singapore tailored to individual needs.
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Frequently Asked Questions about Varicose Vein Treatment

Varicose veins develop when the one-way valves within the superficial veins weaken or become damaged. Normally, these veins help return blood from the legs to the heart. When these valves fail, gravity causes the blood to reflux (flow backward), increasing pressure within the veins (venous hypertension). This heightened pressure leads to the veins becoming swollen and twisted, forming varicose veins. Once a vein is damaged, it loses its ability to function properly, permanently affecting your health.

Spider, reticular, and varicose veins often indicate underlying problems in the superficial or deep venous systems. Up to a quarter of patients seeking cosmetic treatment for spider veins have more serious issues beneath the surface. If a large vein beneath the skin is diseased, it can cause spider and varicose veins to reappear quickly after treatment. During your consultation, your doctor will determine if other problems need to be addressed.
Once veins become varicose, they stress the skin and circulation in your legs due to the increased vein pressure. Removing these veins improves venous circulation, making your legs feel lighter. Your body will naturally reroute blood flow into healthier and deeper veins.
Yes, as there is a low but ever-present lifelong risk of recurrence after any venous surgery, especially as life expectancy increases. We offer redo minimally invasive surgery for recurrent varicosities, recanalized superficial veins, or neovascularization (new abnormal superficial veins) due to previous open surgery.
Varicose veins are generally not suitable for use in heart or leg bypass surgery due to their abnormally large and varying diameters. Heart and vascular surgeons need normal-diameter, healthy veins as conduits for bypass surgery. Your surgeon will discuss other conduit options with you.
Varicose veins indicate that you are at stage 2 out of 6 in the Chronic Venous Disorder CEAP classification. Left untreated, elevated vein pressure can lead to permanent skin discoloration and open wounds (sores and ulcers) over time. Contemporary vein management involves minimally invasive endovenous techniques where the benefits routinely outweigh the risks, unlike outdated and more painful techniques such as open vein stripping. Your family doctor may not be aware of the latest guidelines and techniques available for varicose vein treatment.

Untreated varicose veins will enlarge and become more symptomatic over time, often forcing people to alter their daily activities to reduce pain. Elevated vein pressure can lead to complications such as abnormal bleeding, blood clots, permanent skin discoloration, and open wounds (sores and ulcers). Early varicose vein treatment can help mitigate these complications.

Open surgery is outdated and no longer the standard of care due to a 30% chance of recurrence within three years. Modern minimally invasive endovenous techniques have very low recurrence rates due to the use of duplex ultrasound to identify diseased veins and how the body better reacts to these newer technologies.

Medications and compression stockings help improve symptoms and delay disease progression, but they do not treat the underlying cause of venous hypertension (faulty refluxing veins). The most effective varicose vein treatments involve minimally invasive endovenous ablation techniques.

Diabetic patients require specialised assessment by our expert vascular surgeon, as they may have undiagnosed peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Although the scars from treatment are very small, they can deteriorate rapidly if you have PAD. Our vascular doctor will advise you on the best minimally invasive techniques suited for you.

Varicose vein treatments are typically done as day surgeries, with patients discharged the same day. Hospitalisation is only required in exceptional cases due to mobility or other medical reasons.

Low-impact physical activities like walking are encouraged to reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis. However, avoid direct sun exposure to scars for at least two weeks after treatment for the best cosmetic results.

Dr. Tay recommends taking 1 to 2 weeks of rest and hospitalisation leave for optimal scar healing and cosmetic results.

Low-impact exercises like walking are allowed after varicose vein treatment, but avoid strenuous activities for at least a week. Some of Dr. Tay’s patients have participated in half-marathons shortly after surgery, but this is generally not recommended.

Blood from the affected veins will reroute into healthier veins and flow normally after varicose vein treatment.
Depending on the severity and symptoms of your varicose veins, your treatment may be covered by insurance. Contact our clinic for more information about potential out-of-pocket costs.
You can improve your leg vein health through regular exercise, which helps pump blood up the legs and back to the heart against gravity. Maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, getting enough rest, and avoiding long hot showers also support overall vein health. Compression stockings and venotonic medications help relieve pain and swelling but do not address the underlying reflux in faulty veins. Chronic venous disorder causes veins to deteriorate over time due to the effects of time and gravity. Varicose veins should be treated as they will never return to normal function.

Mount Elizabeth Novena
Specialist Centre

38 Irrawaddy Road
#10-33
Singapore 329563
Tel: +65 6041 0933 

Farrer Park Hospital
Medical Centre

1 Farrer Park Station Road
#08-14 Connexion
Singapore 217562
Tel: +65 6974 8859

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